倪鹏飞, 主编 Ni Pengfei, ed. (2013)中国城市竞争力报告 : 11 Zhongguo chengshi jingzhengli baogao. 北京 : 社会科学文献出版社 Shehui kexue wenxian chubanshe. 460 p. ISBN： 978-7-5097-4575-5

图书简介

过去10年，中国城市在增长方式转变方面收效甚微，同时房价过高、环境恶化、社会问题多发等问题凸显，“城市病”不断加剧。寻求可持续的发展机制和走新型城市化道路成为中国城市当前所面对的迫切问题。本年度报告将“新基准：建设可持续竞争力理想城市”作为研究主题，就是对未来中国城市发展方向的一次追寻和探索。《中国城市竞争力报告No.11》在前十份报告十年研究的基础上，将城市竞争力理论又向前推进了一步，使其理论框架更加清晰，政策含义更加鲜明。首次将城市竞争力明确区分为产出的、当前的和短期的城市综合经济竞争力，城市产业体系竞争力与投入的、可持续的和长期的城市可持续竞争力三个组成部分。城市综合经济竞争力即城市创造价值的能力，体现为城市创造价值的规模、速度和效率，城市可持续竞争力即城市的要素与环境状况，体现为城市在主体素质、当地要素、当地需求、主体联系、公共制度和基础设施六个方面的状况。其中，以构建理想城市为目标，我们提出理想城市应该是以人为本的宜居城市、创业至上的宜商城市、公平包容的和谐城市、环境友好的生态城市、创新驱动的知识城市、城乡一体的全域城市、交流便捷的信息城市和开放多元的文化城市，并从城市可持续竞争力的六个方面提取出关键因素，按照理想城市的这八项特征重新组合，作为其构成成分。然后从这些构成成分出发，设计了可持续竞争力的指标体系。因此，城市可持续竞争力就反映了城市和理想城市的差距与城市不断迈向理想城市的能力。根据城市综合经济竞争力和城市可持续竞争力的指标体系，我们对中国293个城市的综合经济竞争力和287个城市的可持续竞争力进行了分析和比较，发现中国城市总体上在可持续竞争力及其八个方面距理想城市的标准都存在很大差距，每个方面都存在一系列迫切问题有待解决。未来中国城市的发展，必须以建设理想城市为目标，从可持续竞争力的八个方面入手，逐步解决各方面的问题，走新型城市化的可持续发展的道路。

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Presentation

New Benchmark: Constructing the Ideal city with Sustainable Competitiveness” It is a quest to explore the future development directions for cities in China. Based on research in the past ten reports，Annual Report on Urban Competitiveness（No.11）has achieved new progress in urban competitiveness theories with clearer theoretical framework and policy implications. It is the first time we clearly distinguish among the three parts of urban competitiveness，of which urban general economic competitiveness is the output，current and short-term aspect of urban competitiveness; urban industrial system competitiveness and urban sustainable competitiveness are the input，sustainable and long-term aspect of urban competitiveness. Urban general economic competitiveness shows cities’ ability to create value，which is reflected by the scale，speed and efficiency of cities’ value creation activity. Urban sustainable competitiveness is cities’ conditions of factors and environment，which is illustrated from six aspects，including the quality of economic agents，local factors，local demand，local and global connections，social systems and infrastructure. Aimed at building an ideal city，we claim that an ideal city should be people-oriented, livable city，entrepreneurship and business-friendly fair, inclusive, harmonious，environment-friendly，innovation-driven, city，urban-rural integrated，an communication and information friendly，culturally open and diversified. We extract key elements from the six aspects of urban sustainable competitiveness，and recompose them according to the eight characteristics of an ideal city. Then we design the index system of urban sustainable competitiveness. Therefore，a city’s urban sustainable competitiveness reflects the gap between an ideal city and its current state，as well as real cities ability to achieve the ideal. Based on the index system of urban general economic competitiveness and urban sustainable competitiveness，we analyze the urban general economic competitiveness of 293 cities and the urban sustainable competitiveness of 287 cities in China. And we find that there are big gaps between Chinese cities and the ideal city in terms of urban sustainable competitiveness in eight aspects. Each field needs to deal with a series of urgent problems. In the future，in order to build ideal cities and solve these problems effectively，Chinese cities should take the new path of urbanization and achieve sustainable development.

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Monique Abud

Centre d'études sur la Chine moderne et contemporaine, EHESS, Paris, France

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